Functional Perfusion Imaging Using Pseudo-Continuous ASL with Low-Flip-Angle Segmented 3D Spiral Readouts

Keywords

according achieved achieves acquisition activation additional advantage allowed alone arbor arterial attractive better biomedical birdcage blood blur blurring calculations cerebral characterize checkerboard circular clear conclude consisting constant continuous cortex course covering cubic cycling degrees delay diagram dimension duration efficiency either encode encodes engineering established every excellent excitation excitations existing filter filtering firmly flashing flat flow fold full functional good gradient human identify implement improve incomplete increment indicate inflow inversion investigate investigated kernel kernels kinetics labeled labeling leaving linear magnetization maps modest noise noticeable numerical optimal optimize optimized paradigm pattern performance perfusion polynomial post produce produces proposed protocol protocols pseudo pulse quadratic quadrature quality quantitative random readout readouts receive recovery reduces regard relatively repeated reproducible scanned scanner schedule schedules scheme schemes segmented several shot significantly simple simulations snapshot space spin spins spiral spirals spoiled spoiling starting stimulated stimulation studies subjects suffer tagging temporal tissue train transmit undergoing variance vary visual visually volunteer