High Temporal-Resolution Three-Directional Velocity Measurements in a Single Breath-Hold Using EPI and Direct Inversion

Keywords

accurately achieve acquisition altered anterior aorta aortic applied approximation arch balanced bandwidth basis beat beats become binomial blood blue body bottom breath calculation candy cane clinical clinically coils combined complimented components conducted consecutive correlation curves dependent derivative descending developed diagnostic direct directional dramatically drawn effective efficiency eliminating enables encoded encodes encoding entire estimation every example excitation feasible five flow frame future good gradient heart hold implementation implemented incorporating independent insignificant inversion investigate least linear lung magnitude magnitudes major maps matrix measure measured medicine minute moments much must newly next normalize novel oblique operator orientation peak pixel planar polar prescribed prior processed proposed pulmonary pulse rapid readouts receiver reception reconstructed reconstruction reduce regularization regularized representative resolution root scanner scout segmented separate series significantly simultaneous simultaneously slightly space speed speeds spine spoiled square squares step strategy systolic table temporal thoracic traditional train transverse triggered unfortunately velocities velocity vessels view volume volunteer volunteers yielded