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Abstract #2097

The Water Apparent Diffusion Coefficient, But Not T2, in ex vivo Brain Tissue Is Affected by Previous Exposure to Alkaline pH

Lindsey A. Leigland1, Marcus Cappiello2, Christopher D. Kroenke1, 3

1Advanced Imaging Research Center and Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; 2Department of Physics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; 3Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, United States

The goal of this research was to improve understanding of the determinants of physical properties (spin relaxation, diffusion, etc.) in postmortem tissue, as well as further characterize the dependence of these molecular properties on common laboratory tissue processing procedures. Here we show that exposure of tissue to alkaline conditions can induce dramatic (>2-fold) and irreversible changes in the water apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) without affecting the water 1H transverse relaxation, an effect that is potentially realized through modifications to biological membranes. This research provides an avenue toward developing further insight into the determinants of physical parameters observable by MRI.

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Keywords

advanced affected alkaline allowed animal animals apparent applications approximately attenuation avenue basic behavioral benefit biological biophysical brain brains buffer buffered buffers butler cardiac caudal cell characterization clear coefficient coil common commonly complementing conditions contrast contributed control controls coordinates coronal created dashed depend dependence determinants developing diffusion displays division dramatic equation equilibrate evenly experimental exposed exposure extent extracting extreme field fixatives fluid glycine gradient health hemisphere hemispheres heparin highly histological hours improved in vivo incorporating increasing indicates induce influence injected injection inner insert insight intensity intervals irreversible laboratory least magnet matrix measured membrane membranes moderately modifications molecular necessary neutral note observable pair paired physical physics placed porosity postmortem potentially preparation prior procedures processing properties proteins pulse realized returned saline samples save scanning science section sectioned sections sensitization sensitized separated served shepherd slice slices solution solving specifically spin subset suggest suggesting tanner tissue toward transferred transverse treated treatment understanding useful utilize varying ventricle views water