Differentiation of Flux and Isotopic Exchange Using Co-Administration of Hyperpolarized [2-13C]Pyr and [1-13C]Lac

Keywords

accordingly added administered administration allows amount anesthetized apparent applied assuming bandwidth bicarbonate birdcage blue body bolus bottom buffer built cancer clinical coil combination compounds concentration concentrations condition consisted constants contribution conversion correlation course courses curves custom decay depending detected detection determination differentiate differentiation diluted directional dirk disease dissolution dominant doublet dynamic electrical enables engineering enlarged ethanol example exchange excitation flow flux fold foundation free frozen green hand hard illustrated improves in vivo include increasing induction infusion injected injecting injection injections inner intrinsic investigation isotopic known labeled labels laboratory lactate layer layered layers leads liver maintaining mayer metabolic metabolism might mixture model models moreover negligible nodal normalized nuclear occupying operating oxygen park particular pathway peak polarization polarized pool positioned poster potentially process proton psychiatry quantitatively radiology rapid rats real recently reduced resolution reversible sample scanner since site spectra spectral spectroscopy spin steady substrate substrates surface system tail together underestimated unlabeled unlike verified whereas widely