Quantification of Net Vorticity Evolution in the Left Atrium

Keywords

added alterations amplitude analytical anatomic applied appropriate approximate approximating assess atrial atrium averaging axis black blue cardiac cardiology central chosen clearly clockwise close color compute computed contrast counterclockwise couple curl cycle dashed days defined depict detectable determined develop developed deviation diastolic differentiation dilatation dimensional distinct distribution early employed error every evolution fibrosis field fields filter filtered filters find finite flow formation frame function generate give green haven heart highlighted hypothesize indicate infarction internal interrogation invasive irreversible lacks larger late looks magnitude maps markers matrix medicine minimal myocardial noise noisy novel observe occurred operator optimal orthogonal overlaid patients patterns peaks pigs plot plots post quantification quantified quantify quantitative radiology radius recent remodeling resolution root rotation sampled school segment segmented selection separated short signify simulated simulation simulations slice square stage start streamlines strength structural studies superimposed systole temporal threshold tool underlying variation various velocity ventricular view views visible vortex vorticity wiener window zero