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Abstract #4175

Generalized Local Maxwell Tomography for Mapping of Electrical Property Gradients and Tensors

Daniel K. Sodickson1, 2, Leeor Alon1, 2, Cem Murat Deniz, 23, Noam Ben-Eliezer1, Martijn A. Cloos1, Lester A. Sodickson4, Christopher Michael Collins1, 2, Graham C. Wiggins1, Dmitry S. Novikov1

1Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; 2Sackler Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; 3Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University, New York, NY, United States; 4Cambridge Research Associates, Newton, MA, United States

At last years ISMRM meeting, we introduced the Local Maxwell Tomography (LMT) method for noninvasive mapping of the electrical properties of tissue or materials. Here, we generalize the theory of LMT to encompass the electrodynamic effects of a) non-vanishing spatial gradients of electrical properties, e.g. at tissue boundaries, and b) structural anisotropies resulting in nontrivial electrical property tensors. We demonstrate that the generalized LMT framework eliminates edge artifacts observed in simpler implementations. We also outline strategies by which tensor structure may be determined if a sufficient number of measurements and coil elements are deployed, potentially enabling electrical property tractography.

Keywords

absolute additional akin anatomical anisotropies approaches around artifacts assume assumption assumptions biomedical body capable challenge channel coefficients coil coils common component components conductivity constitutive curl currently curvature defined defining degree deployed derivative derivatives derived description determination determine determined differential differentiation distribution edge electrical electrodynamics elements eliminates eliminating equation equations eventually expanding exploring expression expressions familiar fewer field fields form formulation formulations fully functions general generalize generalized generally gradients ignoring implementation implementations incorporating independent indicated inverse involving kernel known larger last linear local longitudinal lung magnetization mapping master materials matrix maxwell medicine mixing nonlinear note numerical ohmic operators original overall partial perturbations perturbed polarized practical problem product properties property quantities real receive reconstruction related relation requires residual respectively scalar school search simple simpler simplified simplifying since slowly solution solve spatial spatially special structures substantially take tensors terms tissue together tomography transmit transverse treatment uncoupled unknown unknowns unlike vanishing variety varying written yields