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Abstract #3693

Volumetric Changes in the Monkey Cerebral Cortex Following Prolonged Voluntary Ethanol Drinking

Christopher D. Kroenke1, 2, Torsten Rohlfing3, Edith V. Sullivan4, Adolf Pfefferbaum, 34, Kathleen A. Grant2, 5

1Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; 2Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; 3Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States; 4Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States; 5Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States

A known consequence of prolonged heavy alcohol drinking is reduction of brain tissue volume, including cerebral cortical gray matter. To facilitate systematic characterization of the biological processes underlying this volumetric change, T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-based brain volumetric measurements are reported for 18 rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) monkeys in the ethanol-naive state, and following 6 and 12 months of voluntary drinking (three time points total). Reductions in cerebral cortical gray matter volume are found following both drinking intervals, and the extent of volumetric reduction is proportional to the average daily intake of ethanol, which ranged from 0.2 to 4.3 g/kg/day.

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Keywords

adaptation alcohol alcoholics alcoholism amenable amounts analyses anatomical animal animals anticipate array assessment behavioral behaviors biological brain brains cellular cerebral chronic close components consistent constraints consumption cortex cortical daily decreases deficits described developed division documented drink drinkers drinking eighteen equivalent ethanol ethical examination excess exemplified experiment experimental exposure expressed facilitated fast finding findings fluid free front functional grant gray health heavy histological human humans individual induction insights intake international involving largest least library longitudinal macaque magnitude make male manner many mechanisms merging middle model monkey monkeys month months national outlined panel parietal park patterns percent percentage period plotted position precisely preclude previously prior procedure procedures program prolonged prompts proportional psych psychiatry questions rage reduced reduction reductions related require revealed rhesus role science sciences segmentation several similarity software source spinal structural studies subdivision support system systematic systems technical template tool trio undergo underlying underwent useful volume volumetric voluntarily voluntary white wide young