Measurement of Renal Perfusion Using 3D Pseudo-Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling

Keywords

abdominal acceptable aorta application applied army array arterial arteries artery artifacts assessment asymmetry axial background better blood blue body breathe bring calculation capability channels china chosen close coefficient coil continuous contrast control coronal correction cortex critical damage delay desirable developed discovery disease diseases duration efficiency eliminating employed equation especially exhibit experience fast feasibility fibrosis flex flow fragment gating general good healthy help hold hospital illustrated implement implemented incomplete incorporating insight instruction interference international interventions kidney kidneys labeling lava liberation limited little locate located long longer major manually many matrix measure monitoring overlap partition patients people perfusion plays pollution post pretty prior progression providing pseudo pulses quantification quantitative radiology rather recently recovery reduce relatively renal respiration risk role saturation scanned science selection separately severity short shot slab slice slices spacing spin spirals stack still subjects successfully sufficient suppression system systemic tagging tang therapeutic thick tissue torso transit uniform valuable vary veins whole