Model Based Automated 4D Analysis for Real-Time Free-Breathing Cardiac MRI

Keywords

able accepted according accurate acquisition acquisitions advances aligned aligning alignment anatomy applied artifacts assessments automated automatic automatically availability axis biomedical boundary breath breathing cardiac chambers cine clinical clinicians computer consistent constraint coordinates corporate correcting cross curvature database databases delineated delineations described detailed detectors determine developments diagnostic difficulty discriminative dynamics embed enable encoded error estimation even example fast feasible fitting free function functional gated global heart hold illustrated increasing initial inter intersection intuitively knowledge landmarks learn learning length location machine many mark medical model models morphological morphology myocardium next parameterized parametric patient patients physical physiological pose position potential precession precise preserve prior priors process processing protocol pseudo quantitative radial real recent reconstructed registration regular relies require reserve responsible scale series shape short simplify simultaneously slice solve spatial specifically stacks steady structures symmetry table taking technology train trained training trajectory translation typical update validated variability variations vascular ventricle ventricular vision volume volumetric western