Meeting Banner
Abstract #0421

CytoCEST: Cells as CEST Agents

Giuseppe Ferrauto1, Daniela Delli Castelli1, Enza Di Gregorio1, Enzo Terreno1, Holger Gruell2, Silvio Aime1

1Molecular Biotecnology & helath Sciences, Molecular Imaging Center, torino, Italy; 2Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands

CEST agents are able to generate a frequency-encoded contrast allowing the simultaneous detection of multiple agents in the same voxels. Unfortunately they suffer for a low sensitivity. Since sensitivity depends on the number of equivalent mobile protons irradiated, systems bearing huge numbers of exchanging protons have been developed. In this work we report a labeling procedure allowing to exploit the huge number of intracellular water protons to generate CEST contrast. The separation between the NMR signal of bulk and intracellular water protons is provided by entrapping inside the cell a paramagnetic shift reagent. This new system has been named cytoCEST.

Keywords

ability able acquiring advantages agent agents agreement allowing among anisotropy assess attention basis bearing best bulk cell cells cellular chem chemical chemistry compartments complexes concept confined consisting container contrast contribution contributions correct demonstrating depending depends detection developed displayed drawback driving efficient encoded entire entrapping equivalent erythrocytes even exchange exchanging expected exploit extreme field force frequency generate herein huge human identify inside intensity interact interaction internalization interpolated intracellular investigated irradiated isotropic knowledge labeling latter like loaded loading localized long macrophages making matrix mechanism membrane micelles mobile molecular molecules much namely offset offsets ones opposite orient orientation paramagnetic particular pixel pool possibility preceded procedure proof proposed protons pulse rare reagent reagents received rectangular reported represented requires routes sample sanders saturation scheme sciences sensitivity separation shape shaped sign simultaneous slice smoothing spectra spectrometer spectrum spherical splines susceptibility swelling switch switched system systems technology transfer typical undergoes unfortunately unique upon varying visualization water wave whole