Feasibility of Regional Renal Blood Flow and Vascular Volume Fraction Measurement with Cardiac-Output Corrected MR Renography

Keywords

abdominal accounts acquisition acquisitions agreement allows aorta application applied arterial artery artifact artifacts ascending assess assessed assessing bioengineering blood bolus branch break breath cardiac caused city clinical clinically combined concentration consent continuously contrast converted coronal corrected correction cortex cortical curve curves degrees deviation document done dose enhanced enrolled error errors establish example exponential feasibility females field filtration fitting five flow fraction frame frames function gadolinium gated heart hold holds human hypo important impulse inadequate inflow initial injected injection kidney kidneys lake larger literature local long males many mappings maps markedly matrix medulla model modeled much multiplying needed noise options output oxygen parametric perfusion perpendicular physiology precision proposed prospective quantification radiology recorded reflects regional renal repeated representative representing represents resolution restricted rows salt segmental separate slice space spaced start subject subjects table temporal term tissue tracer transit tubular ultra useful usually validated variability variances variants vascular velocity view volume volumes written yielding