Quantification of Altered Hepatic Blood Flow with 4D Velocity Mapping During a Meal Challenge Provocation

Keywords

abbot abdomen ability acceptable accuracy achieved adjusted allows alterations altered although anatomy apex approaches approved arterial assessment beta blockers blood body carbohydrates challenge challenges challenging characteristic characterization chosen circulation cirrhosis clinical coil complex compliant complication conditions confluence conservation consisted consistency contrast decrease decreases described detail differed discovery disease dual easily ensure entire error excellent expected fasting finally flow gadolinium good great hepatic hours hypertension importing improve in vivo included indicate indirect induced inherent internal intervention invasive investigate isotropic laboratories liver manual mapping mass maximize meal medical monitoring oliver optimal orally overcome paired patients performance physics physiological placement plus portal post potential potentially presence previously provocation qualitatively quality quantification quantify radiology reasonable received recently reeder registration resolution resolved respectively response scanner scanning segmentation segmented sensitivity spatial spectrum spherical statistical statistics student studies subjects successfully summary superior system tips tool treatment trisodium ultrasound understanding useful validation variable vein velocities velocity vessel visualized volumetric written years