Accurate Method for Measuring Pulmonary Artery Pulse Wave Velocity by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mathematical Proof and Applications

Keywords

accuracy accurate accurately additional affect affected affects agreement always amount artery assumed assuming automatically avoids best better bias biomedical bland boundary calculating cine clockwise coefficients common components confirmed correlated correlation correlations counterclockwise criteria cross delineated derivations deviation early encoding equal equation error errors estimating estimation expanding experimental expert experts finally fitted fitting five flow formed formulas frame frames gold grant greater heart highly hypertension implemented importance included index instead inter intermediate intra introduced leading least linear linearity location magnitude manipulating manipulation manually mathematical mathematically measure measured measuring nevertheless normalized noted observer occurs outperformed patient patients perfect performance perpendicular positive potential pressure processed processing program proof propagation proposed proved pulmonary pulse quality radiology reach reduction relationship reported require resolution respectively robust rotates rotating scanner sectional segmentation segmented semi separately significance solving source spatial squares statistical step substituted systole trio twenty twice validate variabilities vascular vector velocity ventricle versus volunteer volunteers wave zero