Robust Computer Assisted Catheter Tracking Algorithm in MR Using Gradient Based Signatures and Mean Shift Localization

Keywords

ability absolute acceptable achieve acquisition active addition applied arises assisted assumed attached automatic autonomy background becoming brought capacitor catheter catheters circuit circuits closer coil common computer configuration considered control coordinates cost defined deformed degrees detecting detection developed diagram diameter discrepancy distance drive easy employed engine evaluation excitation existence extract extracted extraction facilitated features feedback field frame frequency future generated gradient greatly guidance guiding hospital human incorporation informatics inside instrument intervention interventions intra introduced length like likelihood localization location loop manual marked marker markers material matrix modality model moved necessary next operatively output overcome parallel particles particular passive phantom phasing probabilistic probability processed processing projection proposed quick quite real rectangular reduced reducing registering relatively rely resolution resonant robust scanner schematic scheme sense series shape signature signatures similarity sites slice slowly soldered spoiled step stochastic store sufficient surf template track tracking tuned unlike updated user vessel view water weaken width wire yang yielding