Non-Contrast Enhanced Human Renal Perfusion Imaging Using Arterial Spin Labeling at 7T: Initial Experience

Keywords

accurate achieved acquisition adjusted adults allowed alternating amount anatomic array arterial arteries artifacts assumed attempts benefit blood blurring bolus breath calibration challenges close coaching comparable compartment confined console contamination contraindications contrast coverage cyan delay delays density despite diagram directly dysfunction enhanced equal error errors evaluation excluded experience experiences fair feasible feeding fields flow formula free function funding gating gives giving gradients greatly green healthy human indicates initial interval invasive inversion inversions investigation kidney kidneys labeling literature local longer longitudinal making maps materials matrix medulla middle model motions oblique optimized optimizing partition perfusion pink poor post posterior potential potentially prior processing proper protocol proton pulse pulses quality quantification rapid readout readouts reasonable recovery recruited reduce reducing renal reported represent represented resolution respiration respiratory saturation selected selective sensitive shah shimming short shot significantly simulation slab slabs slice slices spatially spin strategies studies subject subjects suppression threshold tracking transplantation triggering true typically user whole